Urologists are medical practitioners specializing in diseases and conditions of the urinary tract and male reproductive system, including male infertility. The distribution of urologists in the United States is not uniform, with certain states having a higher concentration of urologists than others.

Infertility is a deeply personal and often distressing issue that affects up to 15% of couples worldwide.

Infertility is generally defined as the inability for a couple to conceive after one year of unprotected, frequent sexual intercourse.